The study of the European Union requires an in-depth analysis of its institutional architecture, decision-making processes, and the mechanisms of cooperation that complement integration. This field covers both the evolution of the common policies, such as the Common Agricultural Policy or the Common Commercial Policy, and the examination of areas of particular relevance such as Justice and Home Affairs or the Common Foreign and Security Policy, which represent key pillars of EU action and reflect its progressive supranationalization process. It also includes research on the adaptation of the EU institutional framework and its governance in light of a Union potentially expanding to 30 or more Member States.

The Internal Market is the cornerstone of European integration and is in constant evolution and adaptation to new economic, social, and technological realities. Its analysis requires understanding both the removal of barriers and the construction of a common economic space, as well as the adjustment mechanisms that enable responses to emerging demands in areas such as digitalization, sustainability, and security. In parallel, EU competition policy plays a fundamental role in preserving competitive dynamics, addressed systematically through its four pillars: the prohibition of anti-competitive agreements, the pursuit of abuse of dominant position, merger control, and the discipline of state aid.